A preprocessor of trace gas and aerossol emission fields for

regional and global atmospheric chemistry models

PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC

User’s Guide for version 1.5

Dec 2015

Valter Oliveira, Saulo R. Freitas, Rafael S. Santos Lima,

Marcelo F. Alonso,Megan M. Bela, Rafael Fonseca,

Madeleine S. Gácita, Karla M. Longo

Email: brams@cptec.inpe.br

WEB: meioambiente.cptec.inpe.br

1. Introduction

PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC is a pollutant emissions numerical too developed at CPTEC/INPE whose

function is to create data of atmospheric pollutant emissions from biomass burning,

photosynthesis or other forest transformation processes, combustion of oil-‐based products by

vehicles or industry, charcoal production, and many other processes.

The system is maintained and developed at CPTEC/INPE by the GMAI group, which not only

updates versions of data such as EDGAR, RETRO, MEGAN, etc., but also implements new

functionalities such as volcanic emissions which is present now in this version.

The purpose of this guide is to present how to install, compile and run the pre-‐processor.

Finally, the steps for utilizing the emissions data in the CCATT-‐BRAMS, WRF-‐Chem and FIM-‐

Chem models are presented.

We recommend that you read the article “PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC – 1.0: a preprocessor of trace gas

and aerossol emission fields for regional and global atmospheric chemistry models” (Freitas

et al., 2010 -‐ http://www.geosci-‐model-‐dev.net/4/419/2011/gmd-‐4-‐419-‐2011.pdf).

2. Structure

PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC is comprised of 5 principal directories:

a) aux_src – contains modules and libraries from the CCATT-‐BRAMS model on which

the compilation of PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC depends;

b) bin – contains the input file prep_chem_sources.inp and the build directory which

contains the necessary files for compilation;

c) extra – contains files and programs that can be utilized by the users such as

convert_emiss for WRF-‐Chem;

d) src – contains the source code for the emissions model;

e) test – contains scripts files for generation of multiple emissons;

The README contains brief instructions on how to compile PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC.

3. Install Librarys

Libraries for PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC version 1.5

a) NetCDF

Go to the installation directory of libraries.

Unzip the file netcdf-‐4.1.3.tar.gz.

Type: tar -‐zxvf netcdf-‐4.1.3.tar.gz

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Go to the netcdf-‐4.1.3 directory created in the process of unpacking.

Type: cd netcdf-‐4.1.3.

For the configuration process of the library, use the command:

FC=ifort CC=icc ./configure –prefix=/dados/curso/lib/netcdf-‐4.1.3 -‐-‐enable-‐

fortran -‐-‐disable-‐netcdf-‐4 -‐-‐disable-‐shared

For the compilation process:

Type : make

Type: make install

b) Zlib

Go to the installation directory of libraries.

Unzip the file zlib-‐1.2.8.tar.gz.

Type: tar -‐zxvf zlib-‐1.2.8.tar.gz

Go to the zlib-‐1.2.8 directory created in the process of unpacking.

Type: cd zlib-‐1.2.8.

For the configuration process of the library, use the command:

FC=ifort CC=icc ./configure -‐-‐prefix=/dados/curso/lib/zlib-‐1.2.8

For the compilation process:

Type : make

Please check the build.

Type: make check

After going through all the tests without error messages, install the library.

Type: make install

c) HDF5

Go to the installation directory of libraries.

Unzip the file hdf5-‐1.8.13.tar.gz.

Type: tar -‐zxvf hdf5-‐1.8.13.tar.gz

Go to the directory hdf5-‐1.8.13 created in the process of unpacking.

Type: cd hdf5-‐1.8.13

For the process of configuration and installation of the library is necessary for

the zlib library is already properly installed.

For the configuration process of the library, use the command:

FC=ifort F77=ifort F90=ifort CC=icc CXX=icpc ./configure -‐-‐

prefix=/dados/curso/lib/hdf5-‐1.8.13 -‐-‐with-‐zlib=/dados/curso/lib/zlib-‐1.2.8 -‐-‐

disable-‐shared –enable-‐fortran

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For the compilation process:

Type: make

Please check the build.

Type: make check

After going through all the tests without error messages, install the library.

Type: make install

4. Step-‐by-‐step installation:

a) PHASE I – Download the PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC-‐1.5 and the input files

• Register in GMAI Group Download Manager

http://meioambiente.cptec.inpe.br/downloads

• Download the PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC-‐1.5.tar.gz in PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC section

• Download the input files in PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC section

b) PHASE II – compile PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC

• Go to the bin/build directory:

cd PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC-‐1.5/bin/build

• Edit the include.mk.intel file:

gedit include.mk.intel

• Alter the following variables1:

NETCDF = /dados/curso/lib/netcdf-‐4.1.3

NETCDF_LIBS =-‐L$(NETCDF)/lib -‐lnetcdff -‐lnetcdf

HDF5=/dados/curso/lib/hdf5-‐1.8.13

HDF5_INC=-‐I$(HDF5)/include

HDF5_LIB=-‐L$(HDF5)/lib -‐lhdf5hl_fortran -‐lhdf5_fortran -‐lhdf5_hl -‐lhdf5 \

-‐L/dados/curso/lib/zlib-‐1.2.8/lib -‐lz -‐ldl

F_COMP = ifort

C_COMP = icc

LOADER = ifort

C_LOADER = icc

1

1 For advanced modifications, consult the table in appendix A.

4/18

• Compile the code by running Makefile

For BRAMS:

make OPT=intel CHEM=RELACS_TUV AER=SIMPLE

For BRAMS with MATRIX:

make OPT=intel CHEM=RELACS_MX AER=MATRIX

For WRF-‐Chem/FIM-‐Chem:

make OPT=intel.wrf CHEM=RADM_WRF_FIM AER=SIMPLE

c) PHASE III – verifying and running PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC

• Go to the bin directory

cd bin

• Create a symbolic link to the UserData directory:

ln –s /dados/curso/fontes/PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC-‐1.5/extra/UserData

NOTE: observe 2 files in particular:

• prep_chem_sources.inp – input namelist. It contains the grid

configurations, input data and other resources for the creation of the

emissions map used in the CCATT-‐BRAMS model;

• prep_chem_sources_<chemical mechanism>.exe – executable created

by the compilation conducted in phase II;

• Verify the content of the prep_chem_sources.inp input file

gedit prep_chem_sources.inp

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!#################################################################

! CCATT-‐BRAMS/MCGA-‐CPTEC/WRF-‐Chem/FIM-‐Chem emission models CPTEC/INPE !

! version 1.5: Dec 2015 !

! contact: brams@cptec.inpe.br -‐ http://meioambiente.cptec.inpe.br !

!#################################################################

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ grid_type of the grid output

grid_type= 'polar',

!'rams' = rams grid

! 'polar' = polar sterog. grid output

! 'gg' = gaussian grid output

! 'll' = lat/lon grid output

! 'lambert' = lambert grid output

! 'mercator' = mercator grid output

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ if the output data is for use in CATT-‐BRAMS model, provide at least one analysis file

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ of this model (only for grid_type= ‘rams’)

rams_anal_prefix = 'none',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ date of emission

ihour=00,

iday=01,

imon=07,

iyear=2007,

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ select the sources datasets to be used

use_retro =1, ! 1 = yes, 0 = not

retro_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/emission/retro/anthro',

use_edgar =1, ! 0 -‐ not, 1 -‐ Version 3, 2 -‐ Version 4 fot some species, 3-‐ Version HTAP

edgar_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/emission/edgar/anthro’,

use_gocart =0,

gocart_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/emission/gocart',

use_streets=0,

streets_data_dir='/dados/curso/datain/emission/STREETS',

use_seac4rs=0,

seac4rs_data_dir='/dados/curso/datain/emission/SEAC4RS',

use_fwbawb =1,

fwbawb_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/emission/emissions_yevich_logan',

use_bioge =2, ! 1 -‐ geia, 2 -‐ megan

bioge_data_dir='/dados/curso/datain/emission/megan/2000',

use_gfedv2 =0,

gfedv2_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/emission/GFEDv2-‐8days',

use_bbem =1,

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use_bbem_plumerise =1,

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ if the merging of gfedv2 with bbem is desired (=1, yes, 0 = no)

merge_GFEDv2_bbem =0,

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ Fire product for BBBEM/BBBEM-‐plumerise emission models

bbem_wfabba_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/fires/abba/f',

bbem_modis_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/fires/modis/Fires',

bbem_inpe_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/fires/dsa/Focos',

bbem_extra_data_dir ='none',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ veg type data set (dir + prefix)

veg_type_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/surface/igbp/IGBP',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ vcf type data set (dir + prefix)

use_vcf = 0,

vcf_type_data_dir ='none',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ Carbon density data -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ New Olson''s data set (dir + prefix)

olson_data_dir= '/dados/curso/datain/emission/olson2/OLSON',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ Old Olson''s data set

carbon_density_data_dir= '/dados/curso/datain/surface/oge/OGE',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ carbon density data set for Amazon (dir + prefix)

fuel_data_dir

='/dados/curso/datain/emission/carbon_density_saatchi/amazon_biomass_final.gra',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ gocart background

use_gocart_bg =0,

gocart_bg_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/emission/gocart',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ volcanoes emissions

use_volcanoes =0,

volcano_index =0, !REDOUBT

use_these_values='NONE',

! define a text file for using external values for INJ_HEIGHT, DURATION,

! MASS ASH (units are meters -‐ seconds -‐ kilograms) and the format for

! a file 'values.txt' is like this:

! 11000. 10800. 1.5e10

! use_these_values='values.txt',

begin_eruption='198912141930', !begin time UTC of eruption YYYYMMDDhhmm

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ degassing volcanoes emissions

use_degass_volcanoes =0,

degass_volc_data_dir ='/dados/curso/datain/emission/VOLC_SO2',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ user specific emissions directory

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ Update for South America megacities

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ set 'NONE' if you do not want to use

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user_data_dir='./UserData',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐

pond=1, ! mad/mfa 0 -‐> molar mass weighted

! 1 -‐> Reactivity weighted

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ for grid type 'll' or 'gg' only

grid_resolucao_lon=0.2,

grid_resolucao_lat=0.2,

nlat=192, ! if grid_type=’ gg’ (only global grids)

lon_beg = -‐85., ! (-‐180.:+180.) long-‐begin of the output file

lat_beg = -‐55., ! ( -‐90.:+90. ) lat -‐begin of the output file

delta_lon = 60., ! total long extension of the domain (360 for global)

delta_lat = 70., ! total lat extension of the domain (180 for global)

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ For regional grids (polar or lambert)

NGRIDS = 1, ! Number of grids to run

NNXP = 30,32,78, ! Number of x gridpoints

NNYP = 30,32,52, ! Number of y gridpoints

NXTNEST = 0,1,2,3, ! Grid number which is the next coarser grid

DELTAX = 20000.,

DELTAY = 20000., ! X and Y grid spacing

! Nest ratios between this grid and the next coarser grid.

NSTRATX = 1,3,2,4,4, ! x-‐direction

NSTRATY = 1,3,2,4,4, ! y-‐direction

NINEST = 1,0,0,0, ! Grid point on the next coarser

NJNEST = 1,0,0,0, ! nest where the lower southwest

! corner of this nest will start.

! If NINEST or NJNEST = 0, use CENTLAT/LON

POLELAT = -‐20.0, ! If polar, latitude/longitude of pole point

POLELON = -‐43.0, ! If Lambert, Mercator: lat/lon of grid origin (x=y=0.) (ref_lat

! /ref_lon from namelist.wps)

STDLAT1 = -‐15., ! If polar, unused

STDLAT2 = -‐15., ! If lambert, standard latitudes of projection

!(truelat2/truelat1 from namelist.wps, STDLAT1 < STDLAT2)

! If mercator STDLAT1 = 1st true latitude

CENTLAT = -‐20.0, -‐23., 27.5, 27.5, ! (ref_lat/ref_lon from namelist.wps)

CENTLON = -‐43.0, -‐46.,-‐80.5, -‐80.5,

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ model output domain for each grid (only set up for rams)

lati = -‐90., -‐90., -‐90.,

latf = +90., +90., +90.,

loni = -‐180., -‐180., -‐180.,

lonf = 180., 180., 180.,

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ project rams grid (polar sterogr) to lat/lon: 'YES' or 'NOT'

proj_to_ll='YES',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ output file prefix (may include directory other than the current)

8/18

chem_out_prefix = ‘emissions',

chem_out_format = 'vfm',

!-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ convert to WRF/CHEM (yes,not)

special_output_to_wrf = ‘YES',

$END

-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐

• After the configuration of prep_chem_sources.inp, run the executable for the

RELACS mechanism:

For BRAMS:

./prep_chem_sources_RELACS_TUV_SIMPLE.exe

For BRAMS with MATRIX:

./prep_chem_sources_RELACS_MX_MATRIX.exe

For WRF-‐Chem/FIM-‐Chem:

./prep_chem_sources_RADM_WRF_FIM_SIMPLE.exe

• List the files again and observe that some files were created (.ctl, .vfm and

.gra)

ls

NOTE: if WRF-‐Chem output was selected (special_output_to_wrf = 'YES'), then the

following binary files should be produced:

WRF-‐$year-‐$mo-‐$day-‐000000-‐g1-‐ab.bin (anthropogenic plus MEGAN climatology if use_bioge

=2)

WRF-‐$year-‐$mo-‐$day-‐000000-‐g1-‐bb.bin (biomass burning)

WRF-‐$year-‐$mo-‐$day-‐000000-‐g1-‐gocartBG.bin (GOCART background)

• We will open the .ctl and .gra files in GRADS in order to visualize some

pollutants:

grads -‐blc “open created_file.ctl”

• Some basic commands in the GRADS program

Command

Description

d "parameter" (ex: d CO)

Plots the field generated on the display

set lat "latitude" / set lon "longitude"

Plots at a latitude and longitude of

9/18

(ex: set lat -‐30; set lon -‐57)

interest

set lat "starting latitude" "final latitude"

set lat "starting longitude" "final

Plots an area of interest

longitude"

(set lon -‐110 -‐77)

(set lat -‐90 90)

set lev "level"

Chooses a specify vertical level to

display

clear

Clears the display

set gxout contour

Contour plot

set gxout shaded

Shaded contour plot

set gxout grfill

Same as shaded except that each grid

box is filled

set mpdset mres

Plots the political map

set t "time"

Gives the last time of the currently open

file

d) PHASE IV – Using the emissions data in the BRAMS, WRF-‐Chem or FIM-‐Chem

atmospheric models

• BRAMS

In order for the BRAMS model to be able to use the emissions model map, the .vfm file must be

present in the directory specified in RAMSIN.

This can be done in two ways:

1) Moving the file or the files to the created datain/COND_SRC directory, or

2) Creating symbolic links in the specific area of CCATT-‐BRAMS to this

directory.

In order to facilitate the use of the chemical mechanisms we suggest the second method.

• WRF-‐Chem

10/18

In order to use the emissions data in WRF-‐Chem, the binary files produced by PREP-‐CHEM-‐

SRC (*-‐ab.bin, *-‐bb.bin, *-‐gocartBG.bin) must be converted to netCDF using the convert_emiss

program.

After compiling WRF-‐Chem, compile convert_emiss.exe:

cd WRFV3.3

./compile emi_conv

For each day ($year-‐$mo-‐$day-‐00), run real.exe with chem_opt=0 and start and end time set

to $year-‐$mo-‐$day-‐00 to generate a wrfinput_d01 file with timestamp for that day.

./real.exe

Link PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC-‐1.5 emissions to WRF run directory:

ln -‐sf PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC-‐1.5/bin/WRF-‐$year-‐$mo-‐$day-‐000000-‐g1-‐gocartBG.bin wrf_gocart_backg

ln -‐sf PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC-‐1.5/bin/WRF-‐$year-‐$mo-‐$day-‐000000-‐g1-‐ab.bin emissopt3_d01

ln -‐sf PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC-‐1.5/bin/WRF-‐$year-‐$mo-‐$day-‐000000-‐g1-‐bb.bin emissfire_d01

Run convert_emiss:

. /chem/convert_emiss.exe

Rename output to include the date:

mv wrfchemi_d01 wrfchemi_d01_{$year}-‐$mo-‐${da}_00:00:00

mv wrffirechemi_d01 wrffirechemi_d01_{$year}-‐$mo-‐${da}_00:00:00

mv wrfchemi_gocart_bg_d01 wrfchemi_gocart_bg_d01_{$year}-‐$mo-‐

${da}_00:00:00

Double-‐check your namelist settings:

&time_control

io_form_auxinput5 = 2 ; netCDF format for anthropogenic emissions

io_form_auxinput7 = 2 ; netCDF format for biomass burning emissions

io_form_auxinput8 = 2 ; netCDF format for GOCART emissions

auxinput5_interval_m = 1440,1440 ; daily emissions

auxinput7_interval_m = 1440,1440

auxinput8_interval_m = 1440,1440

frames_per_auxinput7 = 1,1 ; one file per day

frames_per_auxinput7 = 1,1

frames_per_auxinput8 = 1,1

/

&chem

kemit

= 1, ; surface emissions only

11/18

io_style_emissions = 2, ; Date/time specific emissions data files used

emiss_inpt_opt = 1, 1, ; RADM2/SORGAM speciation

emiss_opt = 5, 5, ; GOCART RACM_KPP emissions

biomass_burn_opt = 1, 1,

plumerisefire_frq = 120, 120,

/

Now you are ready to run WRF-‐Chem.

• FIM-‐Chem

5. IMPORTANT NOTES:

• When changing the compiler for the PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC compilation (in case one

uses a different version from the tutorial) make the change in the include

mentioned in phase II;

• Always remember to use the same chemical mechanism in all phases (SPACK

(for CCATT-‐BRAMS), PREP-‐CHEM-‐SRC and the atmospheric model -‐ CCATT-‐

BRAMS, WRF-‐Chem or FIM-‐Chem);

• Question, bug reports and suggestions can be send to brams@cptec.inpe.br

Notes

12/18

13/18

Appendix A

Table 1: Variables related with the compilation configuration.

Variables

Description and comments

MAKE

Defines the make utility to be used.

Ex:/usr/bin/make

BASE

Base directory of the model.

LIBUTILS

Base directory of the internal libraries of the model.

NCARG_DIR (obsoleto)

Base directory of the NCAR library

LIBNCARG (obsoleto)

Name with which the NCAR library should be constructed.

HDF5_LIBS

Path to the HDF libraries and their dependencies.

CMACH

Defines the utilized architecture. Necessary for optimizations in some

compilers.

F_COMP

Compiler responsible for generating objects based on the Fortran

source code.

Ex: /usr/bin/ifort

C_COMP

Compiler responsible for generating objects based on the C source

code.

Ex: /usr/bin/gcc

LOADER

Compiler responsible for linking the generated objects.

Ex: /usr/bin/ifort

MOD_EXT

F_OPTS

Fortran compilation flags.

*Important* some flags can cause system malfunction.

C_OPTS

C compilation flags.

*Important* some flags can cause system malfunction.

LOADER_OPTS

Fortran compilation flags.

*Important* some flags can cause system malfunction.

PAR_DEFS

Informs the use of the mpicc and mpif90 scripts

ARCHIVE

Utility for the generation of libraries.

Ex: ar rs

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APPENDIX B

NOTE: Observe that this file has various input parameters for PREP-CHEM-SRC:

Parameters and examples

Description and comments

grid_type= 'polar',

This parameter (character) defines

the grid projection on which the

emission fields will be generated.

The options are:

'polar' = polar stereographic grid

'gg' = Gaussian grid

'll' = rectangular projection grid

‘lambert’= Lambert conformal grid

‘FIM’ = FIM model icosahedral grid

'mercator' = Mercator grid

ihour=0,

The emission date using GMT

iday=12,

time. All parameters are integers.

imon=7,

iyear=2004,

use_retro=1,

To select the anthropogenic

retro_data_dir='./Emission/RETRO/anthro',

sources datasets to be used (1 =

yes, 0 = not) and to provide the

use_edgar=1, edgar_data_dir='./Emission/EDGAR/anthro',

directory

path

where

the

corresponding

input

data

is

located. The parameters are

integers and characters.

use_gocart=1,

To define if GOCART emissions of

gocart_data_dir='./Emission/GOCART/emissions',

OC, BC, SO2 and DMS will be

used (1) or not (0) and the path

where the raw data is located.

use_streets=1,

streets_data_dir='./Emission/STREETS',

use_seac4rs=1,

seac4rs_data_dir='./Emission/SEAC4RS',

use_bioge=1,

To select the biogenic sources

bioge_data_dir='./Emission/biogenic_emissions',

datasets to be used (0=not,

1=GEIA, 2=MEGAN) and the path

where the original data is located.

use_fwbawb=0,

To define if biofuel use and

fwbawb_data_dir='./Emission/ fwbawb ',

agricultural

waste

burning

emissions will be used (1) or not

(0), and the path where the raw

data is located.

use_gfedv2=0,

To define if the GFEDv2 biomass

gfedv2_data_dir='./Emission/GFEDv2-8days',

burning inventory is to be used

(=1) or not (=0) and the path

where the raw data is located.

use_bbem=1,

To define if the 3BEM biomass

use_bbem_plumerise=1,

burning inventory and smoke

plume rise parameters will be used

(=1) or not(=0).

merge_GFEDv2_bbem=0,

Defines if the merging of GFEDV2

with 3BEM is desired (integer:

1=yes, 0=no). If yes, 3BEM is

used over South America instead

of GFEDv2.

bbem_wfabba_data_dir='./Emission/fires_data/WF_ABBA_v6

Fire products for 3BEM/3BEM-

15/18

0/filt/f',

plumerise emission models:

Path of WF_ABBA fire product.

bbem_modis_data_dir='./Emission/fires_data/MODIS/Fires.',

The filtered fire product is

recommended. The last letter ‘f’ is

bbem_inpe_data_dir='./Emission/fires_data/DSA/Focos',

the prefix of the file name.

Path of MODIS fire product and

bbem_extra_data_dir='./Emission/fires_data/xx,

the prefix of the file name

(“Fires.”).

Path of INPE/DSA fire product and

the prefix of the file name

(“Focos”).

Additional fire product provided by

the user.

veg_type_data_dir='./surface_data/GL_IGBP_MODIS_INPE/

Only for 3BEM:

MODIS

Land cover data set (dir + prefix)

carbon_density_data_dir='./surface_data/GL_OGE_INPE/OG

Only for 3BEM:

E',

Carbon density data set (dir +

prefix)

fuel_data_dir='./surface_data/fuel/glc2000_fuel_load.nc',

Only for 3BEM: fuel load data

provided by the user (dir + full file

name).

USE_GOCART_BG=1,

GOCART background data for

GOCART_BG_DATA_DIR='./Emission/GOCART',

H2O2, OH and NO3 (only for WRF-

Chem/FIM models with GOCART

aerosol module)

USE_VOLCANOES=1,

This section is to control emission

VOLCANO_INDEX=1450,

of ASH by eruptive volcanoes. The

USE_THESE_VALUES='NONE',

data is based on Mastin et al.

BEGIN_ERUPTION='201004161200',

(2009).

USE_VOLCANOES:1=yes,0=no

(integer).

VOLCANO_INDEX: the reference

number (integer) of the volcano

listed at Mastin et al. (2009)

database. This number will provide

trough a look up table a set of

default parameters for injection

height, duration and emission of

ash.

USE_THESE_VALUES:

(character) if ‘none’, Mastin et al.

(2009) database will be used. If

the user want to use a different set

of numbers, them must be in text

file with inj_height, duration, mass

ash (units are meters - seconds -

kilograms). As example, a file

named 'values.txt' with the text

line: 11000. 10800. 1.5e10

will replace the default values by

these

numbers

by

setting

USE_THESE_VALUES='./values.t

xt'

BEGIN_ERUPTION= begin time

UTC

of

eruption

YYYYMMDDhhmm

USE_DEGASS_VOLCANOES=0,

This section is to control emission

DEGASS_VOLC_DATA_DIR='./Emission/VOLC_SO2',

of SO2 by eruptive and non-

eruptive volcanoes. The data is

based on Diehl, 2009 and 2010

papers.

16/18

USE_DEGASS_VOLCANOES=1=

yes, 0=no (integer).

DEGASS_VOLC_DATA_DIR:

character designing the path of the

directory where the raw data is.

GRID_RESOLUCAO_LON=0.1,

This section is only for grid_type 'll'

GRID_RESOLUCAO_LAT=0.1,

or 'gg'. The parameter ‘nlat’ is

NLAT=320,

integer, all others are real.

LON_BEG = -170.,

GRID_RESOLUCAO_LON

and

LAT_BEG = 40.,

GRID_RESOLUCAO_LAT are the

DELTA_LON= 90.,

grid spacing in degrees.

DELTA_LAT= 40.,

NLAT is the number of grids on

the latitudinal direction for a

Gaussian grid.

LON_BEG and LAT_BEG are the

longitude and latitude in degrees

of the 1st grid box. The ranges are

-180 to +180 and -90 to +90,

respectively.

DELTA_LON and DELTA_LAT are

the total extension of the domain

in degrees. Set 360 and 180

degrees for global domains,

respectively.

NGRIDS = 1,

This section is only for regional

NNXP = 275,50,86,46,

grids.

NNYP = 250,50,74,46,

NGRIDS (integer) is the number of

NXTNEST = 0,1,1,1,

grids to generate emissions.

DELTAX = 5000.,

NNXP, NNYP (integer) are the

DELTAY = 5000.,

number of x,y gridpoints for each

NSTRATX = 1,2,3,4,

desired grid.

NSTRATY = 1,2,3,4,

NXTNEST (integer) is grid number

NINEST=1,10,0,0,

which is the next coarser grid.

NJNEST=1,10,0,0,

DELTAX, DELTAY (real) are the X

POLELAT = 65.,

and Y grid spacing (meters).

POLELON = -150.,

NSTRATX, NSTRATY (integer)

STDLAT1 = 65.,

are the nest ratios between this

STDLAT2 = 65.,

grid and the next coarser grid.

CENTLAT = 65.,-23., 27.5, 27.5,

NINEST, NJNEST (integer) are

CENTLON = -150., -46.,-80.5, -80.5,

the grid point on the next coarser

nest where the lower southwest

corner of this nest will start. If

NINEST or NJNEST =0, use

CENTLAT/CENTLON parameters.

POLELAT, POLELON (real) are, if

grid type is polar, the latitude (in

degrees) of pole point. If lambert,

lat/lon of grid origin (x=y=0.)

STDLAT1, STDLAT2 (real, only for

Lambert-Conformal) are standard

latitudes of projection in degrees.

CENTLAT, CENTLON are the

center (latitude, longitude, in

degrees) of each grid.

PROJ_TO_LL='YES',

This

section

is

only

for

LATI = -90., -90., -90.,

visualization

using

GrADS

LATF = +90., +90., +90.,

software.

LONI = -180., -180., -180.,

PROJ_TO_LL (character) is to

LONF = 180., 180., 180.,

define if a rectangular projection is

desired: 'YES' or 'NOT'.

LATI, LATF, LONI, LONF (real,

17/18

degrees) are the corners of the

emission output domain for each

grid.

CHEM_OUT_PREFIX = 'TEST-RACM',

CHEM_OUT_PREFIX: output file

CHEM_OUT_FORMAT='vfm', CONVERT_TO_WRF = 'yes',

prefix (may include directory path)

CHEM_OUT_FORMAT: the format

of the output: use ‘vfm' for CCATT-

BRAMS, WRF-CHEM or FIM.

Binary is also available by setting

‘bin’ or ‘txt’ for a text file. NetCDF

is under implementation.

CONVERT_TO_WRF: convert to

WRF/CHEM

(‘yes’

or

‘not’,

character).

18/18